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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Leonard Chess</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p><b>Leonard Chess</b> (* <a href="12._M%C3%A4rz" title="12. März">12. März</a> <a href="1917" title="1917">1917</a> in <a href="Motal" title="Motal">Motal</a>, <a href="Polen" title="Polen">Polen</a> als <i>Lejzor Szmuel Czyż</i>; † <a href="16._Oktober" title="16. Oktober">16. Oktober</a> <a href="1969" title="1969">1969</a> in <a href="Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>) war ein polnisch-US-amerikanischer Unternehmer. Er war Mitbegründer und Eigentümer des <a href="Musiklabel" title="Musiklabel">Musiklabels</a> <a href="Chess_Records" title="Chess Records">Chess Records</a>, das viele bekannte <a href="Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a>-Musiker unter Vertrag hatte.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leben">Leben</h2></div>
<p>Die jüdische Familie Józef Czyż' aus <a href="Polesien" title="Polesien">Polesien</a> migrierte in die USA.
Lejzor Czyż und sein Bruder <a href="Philip_Chess" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip Chess">Fiszel Czyż</a> zogen mit ihrer Mutter und ihrer Schwester 1928 via New York zum Familienvater nach <a href="Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>. Die Namen Lejzor Czyż und Fiszel Czyż wurden anglisiert in Leonard Chess und Philip Chess.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nachdem er als Schreiner gearbeitet hatte, erwarb Vater Yasef, jetzt Joe, einen Schrottplatz und plante, seine Söhne dort arbeiten zu lassen. Doch Phil ging mit einem Football-Stipendium an die Western Kentucky University, und Leonard erwarb ein Spirituosengeschäft in einem schwarzen Viertel Chicagos in der Nähe ihres jüdischen Viertels. Als Phil nach drei Semestern aus Kentucky zurückkehrte, half er Leonard in dem Geschäft, bis er 1943 eingezogen wurde.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Leonard kaufte ein Restaurant in der South Side von Chicago, während Phil in der Armee war, und baute es in einen Nachtclub, die Macomba Lounge, um.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Er wollte einige der dort auftretenden Künstler, hauptsächlich Jazzgruppen, aufnehmen und kaufte 1947 einen Anteil an <a href="Aristocrat_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Aristocrat Records">Aristocrat Records</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sie steuerten das Chicagoer Unternehmen mit Musikern wie <a href="Muddy_Waters" title="Muddy Waters">Muddy Waters</a>, <a href="Sunnyland_Slim" title="Sunnyland Slim">Sunnyland Slim</a> und <a href="Willie_Dixon" title="Willie Dixon">Willie Dixon</a> in Richtung <a href="Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a>. Das Label ließ 1946 3.000 Exemplare von Muddy Waters Debüt-Single „I Can't Be Satisfied“ pressen – obwohl Leonard sagte, er verstehe Waters' Musik nicht. Sie waren innerhalb eines Tages ausverkauft. Die Aufnahme gilt heute als ein frühes Meisterwerk des <a href="Chicago_Blues" title="Chicago Blues">Chicago-Blues</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>1950 übernahmen die Brüder das Label ganz und benannten es in <a href="Chess_Records" title="Chess Records">Chess Records</a> um.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Titel wie <i><a href="My_Foolish_Heart" title="My Foolish Heart">My Foolish Heart</a></i> (<a href="Gene_Ammons" title="Gene Ammons">Gene Ammons</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="Rollin%E2%80%99_Stone" title="Rollin’ Stone">Rollin’ Stone</a></i> (Muddy Waters) und <i>That's All Right</i> (<a href="Jimmy_Rogers" title="Jimmy Rogers">Jimmy Rogers</a>) waren Belege für die neue Ausrichtung des Unternehmens. Der vielleicht einflussreichste Künstler, den Chess Records anfangs unter Vertrag hatte, war <a href="Little_Walter" title="Little Walter">Little Walter</a>, dessen ausgeprägtes <a href="Mundharmonika" title="Mundharmonika">Mundharmonika</a>-Spiel den <a href="Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a> revolutionierte.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Chess nahm Kontakt mit <a href="Sam_Phillips" title="Sam Phillips">Sam Phillips</a> von <a href="Sun_Records" title="Sun Records">Sun Records</a> auf, um neue Künstler aufzuspüren. Philips rekrutierte <a href="Howlin%E2%80%99_Wolf" title="Howlin’ Wolf">Howlin’ Wolf</a>, <a href="Bobby_Bland" title="Bobby Bland">Bobby Bland</a>, <a href="Rufus_Thomas" title="Rufus Thomas">Rufus Thomas</a> und Dr. Isaiah Ross. Es folgten <a href="Bo_Diddley" title="Bo Diddley">Bo Diddley</a> und <a href="Sonny_Boy_Williamson_II." title="Sonny Boy Williamson II.">Sonny Boy Williamson II.</a> In den 1950er Jahren wuchs der Erfolg des Unternehmens mit Interpreten und Bands wie <a href="The_Moonglows" title="The Moonglows">The Moonglows</a>, <a href="The_Flamingos" title="The Flamingos">The Flamingos</a>, <a href="Chuck_Berry" title="Chuck Berry">Chuck Berry</a>, <a href="Etta_James" title="Etta James">Etta James</a>, <a href="Fontella_Bass" title="Fontella Bass">Fontella Bass</a>, <a href="Koko_Taylor" title="Koko Taylor">Koko Taylor</a>, <a href="Little_Milton" title="Little Milton">Little Milton</a>, Laura Lee und <a href="Tommy_Tucker_(Bluesmusiker)" title="Tommy Tucker (Bluesmusiker)">Tommy Tucker</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><a href="The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">The Rolling Stones</a>, deren Bandname durch das bei Chess Records erschienene Lied Rollin’ Stone von Muddy Waters inspiriert war,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nahmen im Juni 1964 in Chicago im Chess-Studio auf und versuchten, den Sound ihrer Blues-Helden einzufangen. Hier lernten sie auch ihr Idol Muddy Waters kennen, während er die Studiodecke strich.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Das Studio trug zur Hälfte der Titel auf der LP <a href="12%C3%975" title="12×5">12X5</a>, bei. Einer dieser Songs trug sogar den Titel 2120 South Michigan Avenue, die Adresse des Studios.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Im Laufe der Jahre 1964–1965 nahmen die Rolling Stones etwa zwanzig weitere Songs bei Chess Records auf.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bei dieser Gelegenheit lernte Leonards Sohn, Marshall Chess, der in der Versandabteilung von Chess Records arbeitete, <a href="Mick_Jagger" title="Mick Jagger">Mick Jagger</a> kennen. Nach dem Verkauf von Chess Records im Jahr 1969 gründete Marshall Rolling Stone Records und war sieben Jahre lang dessen Präsident. Er half dabei, das berühmte Zungen- und Lippenlogo der Rolling Stones zu kreieren und war in den 1970er Jahren als ausführender Produzent an 7 Rolling Stone #1-Alben beteiligt.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<p>Chess starb im Oktober 1969 an einem Herzinfarkt. 1987 wurde er in die <a href="Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a> (Nonperformers) aufgenommen.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Der Spielfilm <i><a href="Cadillac_Records" title="Cadillac Records">Cadillac Records</a></i> erzählt die Geschichte von Leonard Chess und seiner Plattenfirma Chess Records. <a href="Adrien_Brody" title="Adrien Brody">Adrien Brody</a> spielte Leonard Chess.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Alex Greene: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.memphisflyer.com/undefined"><i>Capturing the History of Chess Records.</i></a> In: <i>Memphis Flyer.</i> 12. März 2024,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=Capturing+the+History+of+Chess+Records&rft.description=Capturing+the+History+of+Chess+Records&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.memphisflyer.com%2Fundefined&rft.creator=Alex+Greene&rft.date=2024-03-12&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Douglas Martin: <cite style="font-style:italic">Phil Chess, Whose Record Label Elevated Unknown Blues Musicians, Dies at 95</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">The New York Times</cite>. 20. Oktober 2016, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220362-4331%22&key=cql">0362-4331</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/20/arts/music/phil-chess-dead.html">nytimes.com</a> [abgerufen am 15. März 2024]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Leonard+Chess&rft.atitle=Phil+Chess%2C+Whose+Record+Label+Elevated+Unknown+Blues+Musicians%2C+Dies+at+95&rft.au=Douglas+Martin&rft.date=2016-10-20&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Elijah Wald: <cite style="font-style:italic">How the blues brothers behind Chess Records made all the right moves</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">The Guardian</cite>. 6. November 2010, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220261-3077%22&key=cql">0261-3077</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/nov/06/leonard-phil-marshall-chess-records">theguardian.com</a> [abgerufen am 15. März 2024]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Leonard+Chess&rft.atitle=How+the+blues+brothers+behind+Chess+Records+made+all+the+right+moves&rft.au=Elijah+Wald&rft.date=2010-11-06&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Isabella Venutti: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mixdownmag.com.au/features/best-muddy-waters-songs/"><i>The five best Muddy Waters songs.</i></a> In: <i>Mix Down Mag.</i> 2. Februar 2024,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (australisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=The+five+best+Muddy+Waters+songs&rft.description=The+five+best+Muddy+Waters+songs&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fmixdownmag.com.au%2Ffeatures%2Fbest-muddy-waters-songs%2F&rft.creator=Isabella+Venutti&rft.date=2024-02-02&rft.language=en-AU"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Martin Chilton: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.udiscovermusic.com/stories/best-chess-blues-records-top-10/"><i>Best Chess Blues Records: An Essential Top 10.</i></a> In: <i>uDiscover Music.</i> 17. August 2023,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=Best+Chess+Blues+Records%3A+An+Essential+Top+10&rft.description=Best+Chess+Blues+Records%3A+An+Essential+Top+10&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.udiscovermusic.com%2Fstories%2Fbest-chess-blues-records-top-10%2F&rft.creator=Martin+Chilton&rft.date=2023-08-17&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Richard Havers: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.udiscovermusic.com/stories/chess-records-celebrates-first-hit/"><i>Remembering Chess Records First Hit: Gene Ammons’ ‘My Foolish Heart’.</i></a> In: <i>uDiscover Music.</i> 29. Juli 2023,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=Remembering+Chess+Records+First+Hit%3A+Gene+Ammons%E2%80%99+%E2%80%98My+Foolish+Heart%E2%80%99&rft.description=Remembering+Chess+Records+First+Hit%3A+Gene+Ammons%E2%80%99+%E2%80%98My+Foolish+Heart%E2%80%99&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.udiscovermusic.com%2Fstories%2Fchess-records-celebrates-first-hit%2F&rft.creator=Richard+Havers&rft.date=2023-07-29&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thevinylfactory.com/features/chess-records-and-the-ten-7s-that-helped-shape-modern-music/"><i>Chess Records and the ten 7"s that helped shape modern music.</i></a> In: <i>The Vinyl Factory.</i> 4. August 2015,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=Chess+Records+and+the+ten+7%22s+that+helped+shape+modern+music&rft.description=Chess+Records+and+the+ten+7%22s+that+helped+shape+modern+music&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fthevinylfactory.com%2Ffeatures%2Fchess-records-and-the-ten-7s-that-helped-shape-modern-music%2F&rft.date=2015-08-04&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">David Hershkovits: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/arts-letters/articles/marshall-chess-rolling-stones"><i>Record Master Marshall Chess.</i></a> In: <i>Tablet Magazine.</i> 31. Juli 2023,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=Record+Master+Marshall+Chess&rft.description=Record+Master+Marshall+Chess&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tabletmag.com%2Fsections%2Farts-letters%2Farticles%2Fmarshall-chess-rolling-stones&rft.creator=David+Hershkovits&rft.date=2023-07-31&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Marcelo Sonaglioni: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rollingstonesdata.com/articles/when-the-rolling-stones-recorded-at-chess-studios-chicago-1964/"><i>Chess studio sessions with The Rolling Stones, Chicago 1964.</i></a> In: <i>Rollin Stones Data.</i> 27. Dezember 2023,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=Chess+studio+sessions+with+The+Rolling+Stones%2C+Chicago+1964.&rft.description=Chess+studio+sessions+with+The+Rolling+Stones%2C+Chicago+1964.&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Frollingstonesdata.com%2Farticles%2Fwhen-the-rolling-stones-recorded-at-chess-studios-chicago-1964%2F&rft.creator=Marcelo+Sonaglioni&rft.date=2023-12-27&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Gary Graff: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guitarplayer.com/players/buddy-guy-jimi-hendrix-leonard-chess"><i>“He Said, ‘I Just Canceled a Gig, ’Cause I Wanted to See You’”: Buddy Guy Talks Befriending Jimi Hendrix.</i></a> In: <i>Guitar Player.</i> 7. Juni 2023,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=%E2%80%9CHe+Said%2C+%E2%80%98I+Just+Canceled+a+Gig%2C+%E2%80%99Cause+I+Wanted+to+See+You%E2%80%99%E2%80%9D%3A+Buddy+Guy+Talks+Befriending+Jimi+Hendrix&rft.description=%E2%80%9CHe+Said%2C+%E2%80%98I+Just+Canceled+a+Gig%2C+%E2%80%99Cause+I+Wanted+to+See+You%E2%80%99%E2%80%9D%3A+Buddy+Guy+Talks+Befriending+Jimi+Hendrix&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.guitarplayer.com%2Fplayers%2Fbuddy-guy-jimi-hendrix-leonard-chess&rft.creator=Gary+Graff&rft.date=2023-06-07&rft.language=en"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/de/label/33931-Chess?page=1"><i>Chess.</i></a><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=Chess&rft.description=Chess&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.discogs.com%2Fde%2Flabel%2F33931-Chess%3Fpage%3D1&rft.language=en"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Lucy Lovell: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/travel/travel_news/article-10664097/Inside-Chicagos-Chess-Studios-Rolling-Stones-Muddy-Waters-recorded-songs.html"><i>Inside Chicago's Chess Studios, where The Rolling Stones recorded.</i></a> In: <i>The Daily Mail.</i> 29. März 2022,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=Inside+Chicago%27s+Chess+Studios%2C+where+The+Rolling+Stones+recorded&rft.description=Inside+Chicago%27s+Chess+Studios%2C+where+The+Rolling+Stones+recorded&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%2Ftravel%2Ftravel_news%2Farticle-10664097%2FInside-Chicagos-Chess-Studios-Rolling-Stones-Muddy-Waters-recorded-songs.html&rft.creator=Lucy+Lovell&rft.date=2022-03-29"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Addison: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blues.org/blues_hof_inductee/rollin-stone-muddy-waters-chess-1950/"><i>"Rollin' Stone" - Muddy Waters (Chess, 1950).</i></a> In: <i>Blues Foundation.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 16. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=%22Rollin%27+Stone%22+-+Muddy+Waters+%28Chess%2C+1950%29&rft.description=%22Rollin%27+Stone%22+-+Muddy+Waters+%28Chess%2C+1950%29&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fblues.org%2Fblues_hof_inductee%2Frollin-stone-muddy-waters-chess-1950%2F&rft.creator=Addison&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Sam Kemp: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/muddy-waters-kieth-richards-first-met/"><i>The strange way Muddy Waters and Keith Richards first met.</i></a> In: <i>Far Out Magazine.</i> 1. April 2022,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=The+strange+way+Muddy+Waters+and+Keith+Richards+first+met&rft.description=The+strange+way+Muddy+Waters+and+Keith+Richards+first+met&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Ffaroutmagazine.co.uk%2Fmuddy-waters-kieth-richards-first-met%2F&rft.creator=Sam+Kemp&rft.date=2022-04-01&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Dan Reifsnyder: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://flypaper.soundfly.com/discover/that-time-keith-richards-found-muddy-waters-painting-the-ceiling-at-chess-studios/"><i>That Time Keith Richards Found Muddy Waters Painting the Ceiling at Chess Studios.</i></a> In: <i>Flypaper.</i> 14. August 2019,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=That+Time+Keith+Richards+Found+Muddy+Waters+Painting+the+Ceiling+at+Chess+Studios&rft.description=That+Time+Keith+Richards+Found+Muddy+Waters+Painting+the+Ceiling+at+Chess+Studios&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fflypaper.soundfly.com%2Fdiscover%2Fthat-time-keith-richards-found-muddy-waters-painting-the-ceiling-at-chess-studios%2F&rft.creator=Dan+Reifsnyder&rft.date=2019-08-14&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Martin Chilton: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.udiscovermusic.com/stories/the-rolling-stones-no2-album/"><i>‘The Rolling Stones No.2’: Mick And Keith’s Love Letter To Chess Records.</i></a> In: <i>uDiscover Music.</i> 15. Januar 2024,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=%E2%80%98The+Rolling+Stones+No.2%E2%80%99%3A+Mick+And+Keith%E2%80%99s+Love+Letter+To+Chess+Records&rft.description=%E2%80%98The+Rolling+Stones+No.2%E2%80%99%3A+Mick+And+Keith%E2%80%99s+Love+Letter+To+Chess+Records&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.udiscovermusic.com%2Fstories%2Fthe-rolling-stones-no2-album%2F&rft.creator=Martin+Chilton&rft.date=2024-01-15&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Marc_Spitz" title="Marc Spitz">Marc Spitz</a>: <i>Jagger. Rebel, Rock Star, Ramble, Rogue.</i> 2011 (Gewidmet <a href="Brendan_Mullen" title="Brendan Mullen">Brendan Mullen</a>); deutsch: <i>Mick Jagger. Rebell und Rockstar.</i> Aus dem Amerikanischen von Sonja Kerkhoffs. Edel Germany, Hamburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-8419-0122-4, S. 34–35.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Alex Greene: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.memphisflyer.com/undefined"><i>The Chess Project.</i></a> In: <i>Memphis Flyer.</i><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=The+Chess+Project&rft.description=The+Chess+Project&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.memphisflyer.com%2Fundefined&rft.creator=Alex+Greene&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Harvey Kubernik: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicconnection.com/kubernik-marshall-chess-on-the-legacy-of-chess-records/"><i>Marshall Chess on the Legacy of Chess Records.</i></a> In: <i>Music Connection.</i> 5. Mai 2023,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=Marshall+Chess+on+the+Legacy+of+Chess+Records&rft.description=Marshall+Chess+on+the+Legacy+of+Chess+Records&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicconnection.com%2Fkubernik-marshall-chess-on-the-legacy-of-chess-records%2F&rft.creator=Harvey+Kubernik&rft.date=2023-05-05&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infoplease.com/ipea/A0151056.html">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Richard G. Carter: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shepherdexpress.com/api/content/107a3594-638f-11ee-91c0-12163087a831/"><i>The Great ‘Record Row’ Disclosed what ‘Cadillac Records’ Omitted.</i></a> In: <i>Shepherd Express.</i> 5. Oktober 2023,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 15. März 2024</span> (amerikanisches Englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ALeonard+Chess&rft.title=The+Great+%E2%80%98Record+Row%E2%80%99+Disclosed+what+%E2%80%98Cadillac+Records%E2%80%99+Omitted&rft.description=The+Great+%E2%80%98Record+Row%E2%80%99+Disclosed+what+%E2%80%98Cadillac+Records%E2%80%99+Omitted&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fshepherdexpress.com%2Fapi%2Fcontent%2F107a3594-638f-11ee-91c0-12163087a831%2F&rft.creator=Richard+G.+Carter&rft.date=2023-10-05&rft.language=en-US"> </span></span>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Leonard_Chess?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Leonard Chess</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&query=122506863">Werke von Leonard Chess</a> im Katalog der <a href="Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek">Deutschen Nationalbibliothek</a></li>
<li><span class="wikidata-content"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/19497237">Leonard Chess</a></span> in der Datenbank <a href="Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a>, abgerufen am 4. September 2025. </li></ul>
<div class="hintergrundfarbe1 rahmenfarbe1 navigation-not-searchable normdaten-typ-p" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; clear: left; margin-bottom:1em; margin-top:1em; padding: 0.25em; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" id="normdaten">
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Normdaten (Person): <a href="Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/122506863">122506863</a></span> | <a href="Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n00064527">n00064527</a></span> | <a href="Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/66655721/">66655721</a></span> | </div>
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